diff --git a/config/config.exs b/config/config.exs
index d43471f014..35b1716a6e 100644
--- a/config/config.exs
+++ b/config/config.exs
@@ -940,12 +940,6 @@
 
 config :pleroma, Pleroma.Web.WebFinger, domain: nil, update_nickname_on_user_fetch: true
 
-config :pleroma, Pleroma.MultiLanguage,
-  template: "<div lang=\"{code}\">{content}</div>",
-  separator: "<br><hr><br>",
-  single_line_template: "[{code}] {content}",
-  single_line_separator: " | "
-
 config :pleroma, Pleroma.Language.Translation, allow_unauthenticated: false, allow_remote: true
 
 config :geospatial, Geospatial.Service, service: Geospatial.Providers.Nominatim
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/multi_language.ex b/lib/pleroma/multi_language.ex
index 629d925f21..ad6a28b39a 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/multi_language.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/multi_language.ex
@@ -3,12 +3,6 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
 
 defmodule Pleroma.MultiLanguage do
-  defp template(:multi), do: Pleroma.Config.get([__MODULE__, :template])
-  defp template(:single), do: Pleroma.Config.get([__MODULE__, :single_line_template])
-
-  defp sep(:multi), do: Pleroma.Config.get([__MODULE__, :separator])
-  defp sep(:single), do: Pleroma.Config.get([__MODULE__, :single_line_separator])
-
   def good_locale_code?(code) when is_binary(code), do: code =~ ~r<^[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+$>
 
   def good_locale_code?(_code), do: false
@@ -37,27 +31,6 @@ def validate_map(%{} = object) do
 
   def validate_map(_), do: {:error, nil}
 
-  def map_to_str(data, opts \\ []) do
-    map_to_str_impl(data, if(opts[:multiline], do: :multi, else: :single))
-  end
-
-  defp map_to_str_impl(data, mode) do
-    with ks <- Map.keys(data),
-         [_, _ | _] <- ks,
-         ks <- Enum.sort(ks) do
-      template = template(mode)
-
-      ks
-      |> Enum.map(fn lang ->
-        format_template(template, %{code: lang, content: data[lang]})
-      end)
-      |> Enum.join(sep(mode))
-    else
-      [lang] -> data[lang]
-      _ -> nil
-    end
-  end
-
   def str_to_map(data, opts \\ []) do
     with lang when is_binary(lang) <- opts[:lang],
          true <- good_locale_code?(lang) do
@@ -67,16 +40,4 @@ def str_to_map(data, opts \\ []) do
         %{"und" => data}
     end
   end
-
-  def format_template(template, %{code: code, content: content}) do
-    template
-    |> String.replace(
-      ["{code}", "{content}"],
-      fn
-        "{code}" -> code
-        "{content}" -> content
-      end,
-      global: true
-    )
-  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/upload.ex b/lib/pleroma/upload.ex
index c57ebc4f9e..a3dd238b2c 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/upload.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/upload.ex
@@ -91,23 +91,23 @@ defp get_description(upload) do
   end
 
   defp validate_description_limit(%{} = description) do
-    len = Enum.reduce(description, 0, fn {_, content}, acc -> String.length(content) + acc end)
-
-    len <= Pleroma.Config.get([:instance, :description_limit])
+    Enum.each(description, fn content ->
+      String.length(content) <= Pleroma.Config.get([:instance, :description_limit])
+    end)
   end
 
   defp validate_description_limit(description) when is_binary(description) do
     String.length(description) <= Pleroma.Config.get([:instance, :description_limit])
   end
 
-  defp description_fields(%{} = description) do
+  defp description_fields(%{} = description, language) do
     %{
-      "name" => Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(description, multiline: false),
+      "name" => Map.get(description, language),
       "nameMap" => description
     }
   end
 
-  defp description_fields(description) when is_binary(description) do
+  defp description_fields(description, _) when is_binary(description) do
     %{"name" => description}
   end
 
@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@ def store(upload, opts \\ []) do
          {:ok, upload} <- Pleroma.Upload.Filter.filter(opts.filters, upload),
          description = get_description(upload),
          {_, true} <- {:description_limit, validate_description_limit(description)},
+         {_, true} <-
+           {:valid_locale,
+            opts[:language] == nil or Pleroma.MultiLanguage.good_locale_code?(opts[:language])},
          {:ok, url_spec} <- Pleroma.Uploaders.Uploader.put_file(opts.uploader, upload) do
       {:ok,
        %{
@@ -137,8 +140,9 @@ def store(upload, opts \\ []) do
            |> Maps.put_if_present("height", upload.height)
          ]
        }
-       |> Map.merge(description_fields(description))
-       |> Maps.put_if_present("blurhash", upload.blurhash)}
+       |> Map.merge(description_fields(description, opts[:language]))
+       |> Maps.put_if_present("blurhash", upload.blurhash)
+       |> Maps.put_if_present("language", opts[:language])}
     else
       {:description_limit, _} ->
         {:error, :description_too_long}
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/activity_pub.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/activity_pub.ex
index 64185220cd..b5d8a9e471 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/activity_pub.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/activity_pub.ex
@@ -1593,27 +1593,37 @@ def fetch_activities_bounded(
     |> Enum.reverse()
   end
 
-  defp validate_media_description_map(%{} = map) do
-    with {:ok, %{}} <- Pleroma.MultiLanguage.validate_map(map) do
+  defp validate_media_description_map(%{} = map, language) do
+    with {:ok, %{}} <- Pleroma.MultiLanguage.validate_map(map),
+         true <- Pleroma.MultiLanguage.good_locale_code?(language) do
       :ok
     else
+      false -> :invalid_language
       _ -> :error
     end
   end
 
-  defp validate_media_description_map(nil), do: :ok
-  defp validate_media_description_map(_), do: :error
+  defp validate_media_description_map(nil, _), do: :ok
+  defp validate_media_description_map(_, _), do: :error
 
   @spec upload(Upload.source(), keyword()) :: {:ok, Object.t()} | {:error, any()}
   def upload(file, opts \\ []) do
-    with {_, :ok} <- {:description_map, validate_media_description_map(opts[:description_map])},
+    with {_, :ok} <-
+           {:description_map,
+            validate_media_description_map(opts[:description_map], opts[:language])},
          {:ok, data} <- Upload.store(sanitize_upload_file(file), opts) do
       obj_data = Maps.put_if_present(data, "actor", opts[:actor])
 
       Repo.insert(%Object{data: obj_data})
     else
-      {:description_map, _} -> {:error, dgettext("errors", "description_map invalid")}
-      e -> e
+      {:description_map, :invalid_language} ->
+        {:error, dgettext("errors", "valid language must be provided with description_map")}
+
+      {:description_map, _} ->
+        {:error, dgettext("errors", "description_map invalid")}
+
+      e ->
+        e
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/builder.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/builder.ex
index 82d47c02b2..0901c7d580 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/builder.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/builder.ex
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.Builder do
 
   alias Pleroma.Activity
   alias Pleroma.Emoji
-  alias Pleroma.MultiLanguage
   alias Pleroma.Object
   alias Pleroma.User
   alias Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.Relay
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended.ex
index 74f7d98587..c02c49fb9e 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended.ex
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.EnsureRePrepended do
   def history_awareness, do: :auto
 
   def filter_by_summary(
-        %{data: %{"summaryMap" => %{} = parent_summary_map}} = _in_reply_to,
+        %{data: %{"summaryMap" => %{} = parent_summary_map} = parent},
         %{"summaryMap" => %{} = child_summary_map} = child
       ) do
     fixed_summary_map =
@@ -25,9 +25,16 @@ def filter_by_summary(
         end
       end)
 
+    fixed_summary =
+      with {:ok, fixed} <- fix_one(child["summary"], parent["summary"]) do
+        fixed
+      else
+        _ -> child["summary"]
+      end
+
     child
     |> Map.put("summaryMap", fixed_summary_map)
-    |> Map.put("summary", Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(fixed_summary_map, multiline: false))
+    |> Map.put("summary", fixed_summary)
   end
 
   def filter_by_summary(
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content.ex
index 8b2cbdc587..eae12b0952 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content.ex
@@ -103,10 +103,7 @@ def filter(
 
         object
         |> Map.put("contentMap", fixed_content_map)
-        |> Map.put(
-          "content",
-          Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(fixed_content_map, multiline: true)
-        )
+        |> Map.put("content", fix_content(object["content"] || "", mention_users))
       else
         _ ->
           # image-only posts from pleroma apparently reach this MRF without the content field
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy.ex
index a7e17a29f9..1ee04a099a 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy.ex
@@ -88,16 +88,12 @@ defp check_replace(%{"object" => %{} = object} = message) do
     config = Pleroma.Config.get([:mrf_keyword, :replace])
 
     replace_kw = fn object ->
-      [
-        {"content", [multiline: true]},
-        {"name", [multiline: false]},
-        {"summary", [multiline: false]}
-      ]
-      |> Enum.filter(fn {field, _} ->
+      ["content", "name", "summary"]
+      |> Enum.filter(fn field ->
         is_map(object[field <> "Map"]) or
           (Map.has_key?(object, field) && object[field])
       end)
-      |> Enum.reduce(object, fn {field, opts}, object ->
+      |> Enum.reduce(object, fn field, object ->
         field_name_map = field <> "Map"
 
         with %{} = data_map <- object[field_name_map] do
@@ -108,7 +104,7 @@ defp check_replace(%{"object" => %{} = object} = message) do
 
           object
           |> Map.put(field_name_map, fixed_data_map)
-          |> Map.put(field, Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(fixed_data_map, opts))
+          |> Map.put(field, replace_keyword(object[field], config))
         else
           _ ->
             data = replace_keyword(object[field], config)
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy.ex
index 2dab4f44fd..23b5324aed 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy.ex
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ def history_awareness, do: :auto
   def filter(
         %{
           "type" => type,
-          "object" => %{"contentMap" => %{} = content_map, "attachment" => _} = _child_object
+          "object" => %{"contentMap" => %{} = content_map, "attachment" => _} = child_object
         } = object
       )
       when type in ["Create", "Update"] do
@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ def filter(
         end
       end)
 
+    fixed_content =
+      if child_object["content"] in @placeholders do
+        ""
+      else
+        child_object["content"]
+      end
+
     fixed_object =
       if fixed_content_map == %{} do
         Map.put(
@@ -40,10 +47,7 @@ def filter(
       else
         object
         |> put_in(["object", "contentMap"], fixed_content_map)
-        |> put_in(
-          ["object", "content"],
-          Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(fixed_content_map, multiline: true)
-        )
+        |> put_in(["object", "content"], fixed_content)
       end
 
     {:ok, fixed_object}
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup.ex
index d3f0771790..2493f4574c 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup.ex
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ def filter(%{"type" => type, "object" => child_object} = object)
 
         object
         |> put_in(["object", "contentMap"], fixed_content_map)
-        |> put_in(
-          ["object", "content"],
-          Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(fixed_content_map, multiline: true)
-        )
+        |> put_in(["object", "content"], HTML.filter_tags(child_object["content"], scrub_policy))
       else
         _ ->
           content =
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator.ex
index bd2667b2cf..a534e95fa8 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator.ex
@@ -86,9 +86,6 @@ defp fix(data) do
     |> fix_attachments()
     |> CommonFixes.fix_quote_url()
     |> Transmogrifier.fix_emoji()
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("content", "contentMap", multiline: true)
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("summary", "summaryMap", multiline: false)
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("name", "nameMap", multiline: false)
     |> CommonFixes.maybe_add_language()
     |> CommonFixes.maybe_add_content_map()
   end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/audio_image_video_validator.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/audio_image_video_validator.ex
index c500bfd525..65ac6bb935 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/audio_image_video_validator.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/audio_image_video_validator.ex
@@ -102,9 +102,6 @@ defp fix(data) do
     |> CommonFixes.fix_quote_url()
     |> Transmogrifier.fix_emoji()
     |> fix_url()
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("content", "contentMap", multiline: true)
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("summary", "summaryMap", multiline: false)
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("name", "nameMap", multiline: false)
     |> fix_content()
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/common_fixes.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/common_fixes.ex
index 359beaf64f..12c759b42e 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/common_fixes.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/common_fixes.ex
@@ -194,13 +194,4 @@ def maybe_add_content_map(%{"language" => language, "content" => content} = obje
   end
 
   def maybe_add_content_map(object), do: object
-
-  def fix_multilang_field(data, str_field, map_field, opts \\ []) do
-    with %{} = map <- data[map_field],
-         str when is_binary(str) <- Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(map, opts) do
-      Map.put(data, str_field, str)
-    else
-      _ -> data
-    end
-  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_options_validator.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_options_validator.ex
index 6927cd71fc..b8e0518eed 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_options_validator.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_options_validator.ex
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.ObjectValidators.QuestionOptionsValidator do
   import Ecto.Changeset
 
   alias Pleroma.EctoType.ActivityPub.ObjectValidators
-  alias Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.ObjectValidators.CommonFixes
 
   @primary_key false
 
@@ -25,15 +24,7 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.ObjectValidators.QuestionOptionsValidator do
     field(:type, :string, default: "Note")
   end
 
-  defp fix(data) do
-    data
-    # name is used in Answers, so better not change it
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("nameRendered", "nameMap", multiline: false)
-  end
-
   def changeset(struct, data) do
-    data = fix(data)
-
     struct
     |> cast(data, [:name, :nameRendered, :nameMap, :type])
     |> cast_embed(:replies, with: &replies_changeset/2)
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_validator.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_validator.ex
index 4996a90aac..b28f096e52 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_validator.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/question_validator.ex
@@ -67,9 +67,6 @@ defp fix(data) do
     |> CommonFixes.fix_quote_url()
     |> Transmogrifier.fix_emoji()
     |> fix_closed()
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("content", "contentMap", multiline: true)
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("summary", "summaryMap", multiline: false)
-    |> CommonFixes.fix_multilang_field("name", "nameMap", multiline: false)
   end
 
   def changeset(struct, data) do
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/api_spec/operations/media_operation.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/api_spec/operations/media_operation.ex
index 4aa58f2a85..4e535a4267 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/api_spec/operations/media_operation.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/api_spec/operations/media_operation.ex
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ defp create_request do
             type: :string,
             description: "A plain-text description of the media, for accessibility purposes."
           }),
+        language: %Schema{
+          type: :string,
+          nullable: true,
+          description: "ISO 639 language code for this status."
+        },
         focus: %Schema{
           type: :string,
           description: "Two floating points (x,y), comma-delimited, ranging from -1.0 to 1.0."
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/activity_draft.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/activity_draft.ex
index 77ba828546..0656d085cb 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/activity_draft.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/activity_draft.ex
@@ -166,7 +166,11 @@ defp language(%{status: status} = draft) when is_binary(status) do
       LanguageDetector.detect(draft.status <> " " <> (draft.summary || draft.params[:summary]))
 
     if MultiLanguage.good_locale_code?(detected_language) do
-      %__MODULE__{draft | language: detected_language}
+      %__MODULE__{
+        draft
+        | params: Map.put(draft.params, :language, detected_language),
+          language: detected_language
+      }
     else
       draft
     end
@@ -529,9 +533,9 @@ defp validate(%{errors: [message | _]}), do: {:error, message}
   defp differentiate_string_map(%{} = map), do: {nil, map}
   defp differentiate_string_map(str) when is_binary(str), do: {str, nil}
 
-  defp get_source_map(%{status_map: %{} = status_map} = _draft) do
+  defp get_source_map(%{status_map: %{} = status_map} = draft) do
     %{
-      "content" => Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(status_map, mutiline: true),
+      "content" => Map.get(status_map, draft.language),
       "contentMap" => status_map
     }
   end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/utils.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/utils.ex
index db805889d7..23159d2d3a 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/utils.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/common_api/utils.ex
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ def make_poll_data(%{poll: %{options_map: options_map, expires_in: expires_in}}
               %{"name" => option["und"]}
             else
               %{
-                "name" => MultiLanguage.map_to_str(option, multiline: false),
+                "name" => Map.get(option, data.language),
                 "nameMap" => option
               }
             end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/mastodon_api/controllers/media_controller.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/mastodon_api/controllers/media_controller.ex
index 079dcf7320..ab2f9636f0 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/mastodon_api/controllers/media_controller.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/mastodon_api/controllers/media_controller.ex
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 defmodule Pleroma.Web.MastodonAPI.MediaController do
   use Pleroma.Web, :controller
 
+  alias Pleroma.MultiLanguage
   alias Pleroma.Object
   alias Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.ActivityPub
   alias Pleroma.Web.Plugs.OAuthScopesPlug
@@ -24,17 +25,25 @@ def create(
           conn,
         _
       ) do
-    with {:ok, object} <-
+    with language <- Map.get(data, :language),
+         {_, true} <-
+           {:valid_locale,
+            Map.get(data, :description_map) == nil or MultiLanguage.good_locale_code?(language)},
+         {:ok, object} <-
            ActivityPub.upload(
              file,
              actor: user.ap_id,
              description: Map.get(data, :description),
-             description_map: Map.get(data, :description_map)
+             description_map: Map.get(data, :description_map),
+             language: language
            ) do
       attachment_data = Map.put(object.data, "id", object.id)
 
       render(conn, "attachment.json", %{attachment: attachment_data})
     else
+      {:valid_locale, _} ->
+        render_error(conn, 422, "valid language must be provided with description_map")
+
       {:error, e} ->
         conn
         |> put_status(:unprocessable_entity)
@@ -50,12 +59,17 @@ def create2(
           conn,
         _
       ) do
-    with {:ok, object} <-
+    with language <- Map.get(data, :language),
+         {_, true} <-
+           {:valid_locale,
+            Map.get(data, :description_map) == nil or MultiLanguage.good_locale_code?(language)},
+         {:ok, object} <-
            ActivityPub.upload(
              file,
              actor: user.ap_id,
              description: Map.get(data, :description),
-             description_map: Map.get(data, :description_map)
+             description_map: Map.get(data, :description_map),
+             language: language
            ) do
       attachment_data = Map.put(object.data, "id", object.id)
 
@@ -63,6 +77,9 @@ def create2(
       |> put_status(202)
       |> render("attachment.json", %{attachment: attachment_data})
     else
+      {:valid_locale, _} ->
+        render_error(conn, 422, "valid language must be provided with description_map")
+
       {:error, e} ->
         conn
         |> put_status(:unprocessable_entity)
@@ -78,7 +95,7 @@ def update(
           assigns: %{user: user},
           private: %{
             open_api_spex: %{
-              body_params: %{description_map: %{} = description_map},
+              body_params: %{description_map: %{} = description_map} = body_params,
               params: %{id: id}
             }
           }
@@ -87,18 +104,24 @@ def update(
       ) do
     with %Object{} = object <- Object.get_by_id(id),
          :ok <- Object.authorize_access(object, user),
-         {_, {:ok, %{}}} <-
-           {:description_map, Pleroma.MultiLanguage.validate_map(description_map)},
+         language = Map.get(body_params, :language, object["language"]),
+         {_, true} <-
+           {:valid_locale, description_map == nil or MultiLanguage.good_locale_code?(language)},
+         {_, {:ok, %{}}} <- {:description_map, MultiLanguage.validate_map(description_map)},
          {:ok, %Object{data: data}} <-
            Object.update_data(object, %{
-             "name" => Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(description_map),
+             "name" => Map.get(description_map, language),
              "nameMap" => description_map
            }) do
       attachment_data = Map.put(data, "id", object.id)
 
       render(conn, "attachment.json", %{attachment: attachment_data})
     else
-      {:description_map, _} -> render_error(conn, 422, "description_map not valid")
+      {:valid_locale, _} ->
+        render_error(conn, 422, "valid language must be provided with description_map")
+
+      {:description_map, _} ->
+        render_error(conn, 422, "description_map not valid")
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/pleroma/multi_language_test.exs b/test/pleroma/multi_language_test.exs
index aea25f1170..3db87be65f 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/multi_language_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/multi_language_test.exs
@@ -7,42 +7,6 @@ defmodule Pleroma.MultiLanguageTest do
 
   alias Pleroma.MultiLanguage
 
-  describe "map_to_str" do
-    setup do
-      %{
-        data: %{
-          "en-US" => "mew",
-          "en-GB" => "meow"
-        }
-      }
-    end
-
-    test "single line", %{data: data} do
-      assert MultiLanguage.map_to_str(data) == "[en-GB] meow | [en-US] mew"
-    end
-
-    test "multi line", %{data: data} do
-      assert MultiLanguage.map_to_str(data, multiline: true) ==
-               "<div lang=\"en-GB\">meow</div><br><hr><br><div lang=\"en-US\">mew</div>"
-    end
-
-    test "only one language" do
-      data = %{"some" => "foo"}
-      assert MultiLanguage.map_to_str(data) == "foo"
-      assert MultiLanguage.map_to_str(data, multiline: true) == "foo"
-    end
-
-    test "resistent to tampering" do
-      data = %{
-        "en-US" => "mew {code} {content}",
-        "en-GB" => "meow {code} {content}"
-      }
-
-      assert MultiLanguage.map_to_str(data) ==
-               "[en-GB] meow {code} {content} | [en-US] mew {code} {content}"
-    end
-  end
-
   describe "str_to_map" do
     test "" do
       assert MultiLanguage.str_to_map("foo") == %{"und" => "foo"}
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended_test.exs
index 93273e39f1..f56e0faf37 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/ensure_re_prepended_test.exs
@@ -56,12 +56,11 @@ test "it adds `re:` to summaryMap object when child summary and parent summary f
                "c" => "another-object-summary"
              }
 
-      assert res["object"]["summary"] ==
-               Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(res["object"]["summaryMap"], multiline: false)
+      assert res["object"]["summary"] == "re: object-summary"
     end
 
     test "it adds `re:` to summary object when child summary contains re-subject of parent summary " do
-s      message = %{
+      message = %{
         "type" => "Create",
         "object" => %{
           "summary" => "object-summary",
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content_test.exs
index 7eb8d51632..5e4963701f 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/force_mentions_in_content_test.exs
@@ -123,11 +123,10 @@ test "supports mulitlang" do
      %{
        "object" => %{
          "content" => content,
-         "contentMap" =>
-           %{
-             "a" => content_a,
-             "b" => content_b
-           } = content_map
+         "contentMap" => %{
+           "a" => content_a,
+           "b" => content_b
+         }
        }
      }} = ForceMentionsInContent.filter(activity)
 
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ test "supports mulitlang" do
 
     assert content_a == mentions_part <> "mew mew"
     assert content_b == mentions_part <> "lol lol"
-    assert content == Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(content_map, multiline: true)
+    assert content == mentions_part <> "WHA-HA!"
   end
 
   test "don't mention self" do
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy_test.exs
index a40d5374c5..65a1840328 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/keyword_policy_test.exs
@@ -318,23 +318,16 @@ test "replaces keyword in *Map" do
       {:ok,
        %{
          "object" => %{
-           "content" => content,
-           "contentMap" =>
-             %{
-               "a" => "ZFS is free software",
-               "b" => "mew mew is also free software"
-             } = content_map,
-           "summary" => summary,
-           "summaryMap" =>
-             %{
-               "a" => "ZFS is very free software",
-               "b" => "mew mew is also very free software"
-             } = summary_map
+           "contentMap" => %{
+             "a" => "ZFS is free software",
+             "b" => "mew mew is also free software"
+           },
+           "summaryMap" => %{
+             "a" => "ZFS is very free software",
+             "b" => "mew mew is also very free software"
+           }
          }
        }} = KeywordPolicy.filter(message)
-
-      assert content == Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(content_map, multiline: true)
-      assert summary == Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(summary_map, multiline: false)
     end
 
     test "replaces keyword if string matches in history" do
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy_test.exs
index 6fb5e656da..cf7a3bce19 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/no_placeholder_text_policy_test.exs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ test "multilang aware" do
     }
 
     assert {:ok, res} = NoPlaceholderTextPolicy.filter(message)
-    assert res["object"]["content"] == "lol"
+    assert res["object"]["content"] == ""
     assert res["object"]["contentMap"] == %{"b" => "lol"}
 
     message = %{
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup_test.exs
index 0bac9c3fdf..7478eac941 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/mrf/normalize_markup_test.exs
@@ -53,8 +53,7 @@ test "multilang-aware" do
     assert {:ok, res} = NormalizeMarkup.filter(message)
     assert res["object"]["contentMap"] == %{"a" => @expected, "b" => @expected}
 
-    assert res["object"]["content"] ==
-             Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(res["object"]["contentMap"], multiline: true)
+    assert res["object"]["content"] == "some"
   end
 
   test "history-aware" do
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator_test.exs
index 1f2c5a04c1..608807234a 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/activity_pub/object_validators/article_note_page_validator_test.exs
@@ -54,14 +54,9 @@ test "Note with contentMap and summaryMap", %{note: note} do
         |> Map.put("summaryMap", summary_map)
         |> Map.put("contentMap", content_map)
 
-      expected_summary = Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(summary_map, multiline: false)
-      expected_content = Pleroma.MultiLanguage.map_to_str(content_map, multiline: true)
-
       assert %{
                valid?: true,
                changes: %{
-                 summary: ^expected_summary,
-                 content: ^expected_content,
                  summaryMap: ^summary_map,
                  contentMap: ^content_map
                }